張家港英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)_公共英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試需牢記10大項(xiàng)原則

主謂搭配一致原則

1、劃線錯(cuò)通常在

is/are/was/were/has been/havebeen/has/have/do/does，動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。

Feel當(dāng)“感覺(jué)起來(lái)”的意思，類似于are。feel like。

動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)加“s、es”，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)加 “s、es”

2、如果兩個(gè)名詞只有一個(gè)限定詞The，那么后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是單數(shù)形式。

The singer and dancer is….翻譯成“兼”

3、one of作主語(yǔ)是后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。

One of the people is….

Everyone和does連用

4、復(fù)數(shù)分子和分母+名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與分子分母沒(méi)有關(guān)系，和后面的名詞形式有關(guān)。

Three fifths the books are….后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Three fifths the book is….

A pair of/a kind of等后面加名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。

A pair of glasses is missing.主語(yǔ)是pair，眼鏡的一副。

A number of=many許多

A number of books ara

The number of books is

The number of….的數(shù)量

5、A as well as B 主語(yǔ)是A

6、倒裝+主謂搭配一致原則

強(qiáng)調(diào)原則

1、It is/was……that

W (which/what/whose/where/when….)給括號(hào)里面的就是錯(cuò)誤的。

倒裝原則

Only/never/not /neither/so/…..+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，緊跟的動(dòng)詞基本都是錯(cuò)誤的。

At on time

under no circumstances

by no means

at no time =never

at no rete

on no account

含not 的介詞短語(yǔ)

in no time=soon

In no time can he admit his mistake.應(yīng)用成at no time.

Only+狀語(yǔ)(狀語(yǔ)從句)是主句要倒裝的。套連詞的都是從句，找主句動(dòng)詞那是錯(cuò)的。

Only yeasterday did he tell me everything.

Have、has、had后有過(guò)去分詞，才能進(jìn)行疑問(wèn)、倒裝、否定，沒(méi)有過(guò)去分詞，要借助其他詞。

She has left，so has he?

She has three sister，so do I.

并列原則

And/than/either….or…/neither…nor…/thesameas/but

如果并列沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，連詞本身有錯(cuò)。前后并列詞要相同，左右前后要一致，出錯(cuò)基本都在后面的詞。并列有時(shí)沒(méi)出現(xiàn)連詞，要看句子、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等。

反義疑問(wèn)句

前面肯定，后面否定，前面否定，后面肯定

It is hot, isn’t it?

It is hot, is it?

He seldom sleep late, does he?他從不睡覺(jué)很晚

祈使句、反義疑問(wèn)句用will

兩種特殊

Let us sit down, will you?

Let’s sit down, shall we?

祈使句固定的will you?

Sit down, will you?

Don’t smoke, will you?

主語(yǔ)有含賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行反義疑問(wèn)。

A side B did sth,didn’t B?

He said you were late, weren’t you?

否定詞原則

Not/never/hardly/seldom….

若句子中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的否定詞，則找劃線的否定詞有可能錯(cuò)。

too：是肯定句的“也”。I like red，me too.

either：是否定句的“也”。I won’t like red，me either.

either：兩者中的任何一個(gè)都。Either of them，all right. 當(dāng)代詞用。

either：或者或者。Either….or…

三個(gè)重要的作用：

否定詞在句首要倒裝，緊挨著否定詞的動(dòng)詞基本都是錯(cuò)誤的。

句子中出現(xiàn)否定詞，就是否定句，反義疑問(wèn)句要用可定。

挑錯(cuò)題中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的否定詞，被劃線的否定詞是錯(cuò)誤的。

時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

考完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

主將從現(xiàn)原則：在when/before/after/until/as soon as/if/unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主將從現(xiàn)。從句中不能夠出現(xiàn)will。

If it is fine tomrrow,I climb the hill. If做“如果”，后面不能出現(xiàn)將來(lái)時(shí)。

感官動(dòng)詞不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

look、sound、taste

smell、feel

2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

Since…

has/have done sth

induring/overthepast/lastfiveyears/days/weeks

in during last five years

during the past….has/have done

3、過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去的過(guò)去

had done

he side he had done…..

I thought he had left

4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)

yesterday、ago這些詞出現(xiàn)，和did連用

what did you do yesterday?

After和一般時(shí)態(tài)連用。

5、主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)

不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。eat、sleep、play、fail

have you noticed her coat is wet?she must be caught in the rain.

must have been，肯定已經(jīng)被

must be一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。表示肯定經(jīng)常是，肯定經(jīng)常被，肯定將要是，肯定將要被。

比較級(jí)

兩者之間比較 far/by far/much/still/even等表示“非?！?，后加比較級(jí)，表示非常的多。前后要并列平行。

much taller

很長(zhǎng)形容詞、副詞用more，不再用er

兩個(gè)事物不能出現(xiàn)級(jí)，兩者用比較，三者用。

虛擬語(yǔ)氣

If had done….,would/could/might have done.

If you had come earlier yeasterday,you would have met her.

Had done…,would have done.

Had you come earlier yeasterday,you would have met her.

would have done…..,but+過(guò)去時(shí)

He would have gone abroad,but he was poor then.

Wished that sb had done

Would rather / it is about time…+sb did sth

But for air and water,there wouldn’t be life. 一貫事實(shí)相反，主句要用would be/would do，一般都是空氣、陽(yáng)光、水

But for you help,I would not have succeeded. 過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，主句用would have done

從句原則

名詞+wh-(which/who/whom/when/where/why/whose…)+句子

從句連詞被劃線了，基本都是錯(cuò)的，尤其是連詞which。

非限定定語(yǔ)從句逗號(hào)后不能寫(xiě)that，兩句話中要有連詞。

Lest=for fear that=in case 唯恐，固定連詞，后面出現(xiàn)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，都是should，翻譯成“唯恐…萬(wàn)一”。

紅皮書(shū) 同位從句 后面用that

since 有兩個(gè)意思：自從，既然

since后面是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子，翻譯成“既然”。

如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，就是翻譯成“自從”。

Since=now that

張家港英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)_公共英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試需牢記10大項(xiàng)原則